Sign up for our weekly email to stay on top of the latest news and insights!
A recent study by the University of Southampton has found that microscopic particles emitted from certain brake pads can be more toxic than diesel exhaust. The research highlights that high levels of copper in some brake pads contribute to increased lung cell toxicity, posing significant health risks when inhaled. As vehicle emissions regulations primarily focus on exhaust pollution, non-exhaust emissions from brakes, tires, and road wear remain largely unregulated, despite their growing impact on air quality.
Key Highlights:
- Brake pad emissions now contribute significantly to vehicle particulate matter (PM) pollution in the UK and parts of Europe, with brake dust as a primary source.
- Non-asbestos organic brake pads were found to be the most toxic, inducing inflammation and damage to lung cells, followed by ceramic pads.
- Both non-asbestos organic and ceramic pads contain high levels of copper, which researchers linked to increased toxicity.
- Fine particulate matter (PM2.5 and smaller) from brakes can penetrate deep into the lungs, increasing the risk of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases.
- Electric vehicles (EVs) still produce non-exhaust emissions, with heavier EVs potentially increasing brake wear and particle pollution.
- Legislation currently focuses on exhaust emissions, but researchers argue it may be inadequate to address the long-term health risks posed by non-exhaust emissions.
The study, published in Particle and Fibre Toxicology, suggests that reducing copper content in brake pads could help mitigate health risks associated with vehicle particulate matter. Professor Matthew Loxham, project supervisor, emphasizes that as the shift to EVs continues, non-exhaust emissions will persist and may even increase due to added vehicle weight. Researchers urge policymakers to broaden regulations beyond exhaust emissions to address the evolving challenges of air pollution from transportation.
Subscribe to The BRAKE Report. Get the Handbook free.
